This book is a brief introduction to the evolution of Western Ideas.

Professor El Mouatamid Ben Rochd is a linguist,
philosopher and religionist. He has studied and
taught at several international universities including

Oujda, Fez, Leiden, Berlin, Frankfurt, York, Dublin,
Stockholm, Vancouver, British Columbia,
Washington and Portland. He has published many
books concerned with linguistics and religion, the
last of which is Islam (history-books-groups) 2025.