Poetry, philosophy, politics, or religion were the leaders of thought. It was strange or rare for these things to participate clearly in guiding a people or an era. Rather, the life of civilized nations in these eras had a clearly visible character: Literary, philosophical, political, or religious character; In this modern era. You are wasting your time and strength if you try to find for a people or a century a single character that captures and includes all its aspects. Rather, when you search for leadership of thought during the modern era, you are forced to distribute it among different matters. Because the circumstances of life itself have distributed it among these matters; Philosophy was not affected. Poetry, politics, and religion did not dominate the leadership of thought in any of the chapters of these stories that make up the modern era, but all of these matters participated in the leadership of thought. Taha Hussien