The Oxford Book of American Essays serves as a compendium of American thought and culture, capturing the rich tapestry of the nation's intellectual heritage from the early days of the republic through the end of the 19th century. The collection boasts an eclectic array of literary styles - from the transcendental and introspective musings of Emerson and Thoreau to the sharp, gothic narrative of Poe. It traverses a landscape of topics, showcasing the diversity and depth of American discourse, and features standout pieces that have significantly influenced both American literature and the broader socio-political dialogue. This anthology gathers the works of luminaries such as Walt Whitman, Henry James, and Benjamin Franklin, each a beacon in their respective domains, be it poetry, fiction, or the foundational essays that have shaped American civil and cultural ideologies. Their backgrounds are as varied as the themes they explore, from the wilderness of American identity and democracy to the nuanced social critiques of their times. This collection serves as a mirror to the historical and cultural movements that have defined the American ethos, offering a reflection enriched by the varied voices it comprises. The Oxford Book of American Essays invites readers on a journey through the minds of some of the most influential figures in American literature. It is an essential volume for those who wish to delve into the complexities of American thought and its evolution over time. This anthology not only provides a comprehensive overview of American essayistic literature but also acts as a dialogue between generations and ideas, challenging and enlightening its readers. It is a testimony to the intellectual spirit of America, offering unparalleled insight into the soul of a nation through its most poignant and profound reflections.

Walt Whitman (1819–1892) was an American poet, essayist, and journalist, often regarded as one of the most influential writers of the nineteenth century and a father of free verse. His work broke the boundaries of poetic form and is characterized by its celebration of democracy, nature, love, and the human spirit. Whitman's seminal work, 'Leaves of Grass' initial publication in 1855, with its radical departure from traditional European forms and structures, heralded a new era in American poetry. While 'The Oxford Book of American Essays' is a collection to which Whitman contributed, it is 'Leaves of Grass' that remains his enduring legacy, capturing the optimistic and transgressive spirit of pre-Civil War America. Whitman continued to edit, revise, and enlarge this collection throughout his life, which demonstrates his dedication to evolving his art in conversation with the changing face of America. Whitman's prose work, like his patently styled "Specimen Days," also showcases his adventurous outlook in literature and his contributions to American essay writing. Reflecting his diverse range of interests, Whitman wrote on topics from the Civil War to nature, giving voice to the grand tapestry of American experience. His literary style, pioneering the use of free verse, focusing on the cadences of natural speech, and the idea of the self, both distinct and connected to the larger democratic tapestry, has inspired generations of poets and writers.