Taha Hussein discovered the importance of ancient Greek civilization in the modern European Renaissance industry, as it considered it an essential basis for the development of thinkers and great writers. He was accepted to teach students of the Faculty of Arts at the Egyptian University, so he chose a unique task that reflects his passion for Greek history and literature. In a deep, critical study of this civilization and wrote an exceptional book that discusses the historical origins of Greek poetic drama, and between the importance of this origin in its influence on modern arts and literature such as theater, poetry and novel. The book brings together his valuable lectures and includes a number of tragic works distinguished in Greek literature, highlighting its insightful mentality and unique ability to simplify the complex historical concepts.