When Egypt signed the "Honor and Independence" treaty in 1936 AD, the Egyptians believed that their country was moving in a steady steps towards building a modern state, and they worked to draw plans to advance that state. And "Taha Hussein" from his position as a writer, thinker and patriotism, he saw the necessity of contributing to a scenario for the future of culture in Egypt, dying that this is a western swan that denies Egypt's continued association with its eastern origins, stressing that it is closer to the countries of the Mediterranean basin than the countries of the East. Hence, the book has sparked a violent wave of criticism, no less than the one that faced the dean when he published his book "In Pre -Islamic Poetry", and some denied him his neglect of the relations between Egypt and the East, stressing that the Egyptians, even if they are not related to the countries of the Far East, there is a cultural rapprochement It cannot be ignored between them and the Near East, especially the Arabs.