The Theory of Business Enterprise is a political economy book that looks at the growing corporate domination of culture and the economy. At its heart The Theory of Business Enterprise is an analysis of two intertwined but clashing motivations; that of business and that of industry. Business is the making of profits. Industry is the making of goods. "The captains of industry" curtailed production in order to keep prices and profits high. The worst fears of businessmen was a "free run of production" which would essentially collapse all profits. In this book, which was published in 1904 during the height of American concern with the growth of business combinations and trusts, Veblen employed his evolutionary analysis to explain these new forms. He saw them as a consequence of the growth of industrial processes in a context of small business firms that had evolved earlier to organize craft production. Thorstein Veblen (1857-1929) was an American economist and sociologist. He is well known as a witty critic of capitalism. Veblen is famous for the idea of "conspicuous consumption." Conspicuous consumption, along with "conspicuous leisure," is performed to demonstrate wealth or mark social status. Veblen explains the concept in his best-known book, The Theory of the Leisure Class. Within the history of economic thought, Veblen is considered the leader of the institutional economics movement. Veblen's distinction between "institutions" and "technology" is still called the Veblenian dichotomy by contemporary economists.

Thorstein Bunde Veblen, born on July 30, 1857, in Cato, Wisconsin, stands as one of the most influential American economists and sociologists of the early 20th century. His intellectual contributions extend into the realms of institutional economics and the critique of capitalism. Veblen's upbringing in a Norwegian-American immigrant family influenced his perception of the social order and economic systems, themes he emphatically explored in his scholarly work.

Veblen's literary style is characterized by a piercing, sometimes sardonic analysis of economic and social phenomena, a hallmark of his most prominent work, 'The Theory of Business Enterprise' (1904). In this seminal book, Veblen dissected the intrinsic conflicts between the needs of society and the motivations of business, contending that the pursuit of profits often undermines the efficiency and well-being of the community. His analysis offered an incisive, critical perspective on the functional operations of capitalist economies, particularly emphasizing the role of what he termed 'conspicuous waste' and 'conspicuous consumption.'

Besides 'The Theory of Business Enterprise,' Veblen's legacy is fortified through texts such as 'The Theory of the Leisure Class' (1899), where he introduced his famous notion of the leisure class and its societal impact. Veblen's contributions reach beyond academia to the public realm, where his thoughts on economic reform influenced social policy. Despite being arguably underappreciated during his lifetime, his ideas have endured, continuing to provoke thought and debate among economists, sociologists, and historians. Veblen passed away on August 3, 1929, leaving a legacy as an astute critic of economic and social structures.