It covers the history of the formation and progression of political theories, beginning with its emergence among the Greeks in the time of their ancient civilization, tracing its influence among the Romans and in the Middle Ages, and examining it in the era of the scientific renaissance and religious reform. Then it deals with its various roles in the modern era, and the changes introduced to it by English and French writers during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, which led to dangerous coups in both England and France from the social standpoints. And political. The author did not stop at this point, but rather demonstrated the extent of the impact that industrial revolutions and mechanical inventions and their consequences during the nineteenth century had on the souls of political philosophers and writers, and explained how political theories were affected by the material manifestations of our modern era.