"Thought" is a means, and its purpose is to realize a specific goal or truth, as it is very influenced by most of the events and changes that occur to any society of human societies; Therefore, when we study thought, we must not separate it from the cultural and historical framework that it produced, to know the extent of influence and influence between them. This is explained by John Tudor Marazz in his articles that Ismail Mazhar summarized in this book, which gives us a clear picture of the development of European thought in the nineteenth century, with all its hopes and goals, in light of the political, economic conditions and the overwhelming revolutionary wave Which swept Europe at the time, especially France, Germany and England. The book also deals with the patterns of thought in those countries, and the most important factors that helped to expand the circles of human knowledge in them.